After a fair bit of debugging, I noticed the console shows one site loading _compressed.pdf
media while the other loads _original.pdf
In Providence we have
https://github.com/collectiveaccess/providence/blob/dev/php8/app/conf/media_display.conf
pdf = {
mimetypes = {application/pdf},
display_version = compressed,
So I had customized the Pawtucket configuration on my production site but assumed Providence was already configured to load the original media.
I believe the original PDF in testing will crash pdf.js v2.4, and I confirmed this by updating the Providence conf. This version of pdf.js is quite old and there have been several bugs fixed regarding canvas size and large embedded images. Also note the latest is v4.6.
Reference https://github.com/mozilla/pdf.js/issues/12307
I will add a github issue about updating pdf.js.